DrlhaaVrksha

Try and tackle these words: ਸ਼ਡਯੰਤਰ ਦ੍ਰਿੜ੍ਹ ਧ੍ਰੁਵੀਕਰਣ

This is a great thread although there seems to be a lot of misunderstanding regarding word origins, lallaa pair bindi, Gurmukhi, etc... First of all, not every word with a "pair bindi" is of non-Punjabi origin. Words with ਲ਼ are pure Punjabi words, like ਨਾਲ਼ and ਤ੍ਰੇਲ਼. However, most people tend to write ਲ਼ words with just the normal ਲ. In fact, for many people ਸ਼ is the only pair bindi character that is frequently written. Words with ਜ਼, ਖ਼, ਗ਼ and ਫ਼ are used only in Arabic, Persian and English derived words. These letters are not very common at all, but there some notable words that use them like ਖ਼ਬਰ (news), ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ (necessary), ਗ਼ੁਲਾਮ (slave) and ਫ਼ਰਕ (difference). Words with ਸ਼ are usually of Sanskrit origin (like ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼), but they can be of Persian and English origin as well (e.g. "ਸ਼ੇਰ" is a Persian borrowing into Punjabi). No modern north-Indian languages natively have ਸ਼ ਗ਼ and ਫ਼. Punjabi, Gujarati, Hindi, Bengali, Oriya, etc DO NOT have these three sounds natively. Secondly, there seems to be a lot of mystery in this thread regarding the pronunciation of ਲ਼. It is an "L" sound that is pronounced in the same position as ਟ with a subtle flap (a bit like ੜ). Strictly speaking, ਲ਼ is a retroflex lateral flap. Thirdly, Gurmukhi is not the native script of Punjabi. As most of us are aware, the Gurmukhi script was standardised by Shree Guru Angad Dev Jee. However, many of us seem to not be aware that Punjabi has existed for at least 3 or 4 centuries before the advent of the Gurus. Punjabi was first written down using Shahmukhi script by Sufi poets, not with Gurmukhi. Lastly, Punjabi and Hindi (and many other north-Indian languages) are at least 60% similar with one another and the main difference is with vyaakaran, not with vocabulary. Therefore, there are very few "pure Punjabi" words (by "pure Punjabi" I am assuming you mean Punjabi words that don't exist in other languages). All modern north-Indian languages are descended from Prakrits which are in turn descended from Vedic Sanskrit, therefore they are all inevitably going to share lots and lots of vocabulary.