johnyork

ਉਹ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਖਾਣਾ ਦਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ ।

She gives food (to me).

ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਲਈ ਖਾਣਾ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ ।

She cooks food (for me).

Please check my grammar on these 2 sentences.

ਉਹ ਮੈਥੋਂ ਵੈਸ਼ਨੂੰ ਖਾਣਾ ਖਾਦੇ ਹਨ ।

They eat vegetarian food from me.

Please check my grammar. Thanks.

ਉਸਨੇ <= Please use this word in a sentence. It is ਉਹ + ਨੇ.

ਨੇ is an ergative marker. It is also used to show emphasis. However, I would like to see an example sentence where it is used as a required case marker. Please explain why it was required in your example sentence.

Good replies, this helps me a lot when I try to create new sentences using those words.

Good observation Bhagat Singh Ji,

I am noticing this more also, especially with handwriting. This is just one of those characteristics about the Punjabi language that you learn from real exposure. It just caught my eye, because it was not the text book Gurmukhi script I learned from my self-study. I understand some Punjabis will mix the scripts for a few consonants, vowels, etc.. I had to ask to find out though; so I can speak knowledgably about this topic in the future.

Thanks Dal Singh Ji

Good answer Bhagat Singh Ji

Good reply Bhagat Singh Ji,

I was looking for the present simple tense, so "He teaches me" was the sentence I was inquiring about. "He is teaching me" is present continious tense.

So the correct sentence should be (1 or 2).

1) ਉਸਨੇ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਦਾ ਹੈ l

2) ਉਹ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ l

So the only thing in question is which form of "he" to use.

1) ਉਸਨੇ

2) ਉਹ

ਉਹ + ਨੇ = ਉਸਨੇ

The reason I use the postposition ਨੇ is because "teach" is a transitive verb and "he" is the nominative in this sentence. However, ਉਹ without ਨੇ would be correct if used with an intransitive verb, such as "speaks". For example, ਉਹ ਬੋਲਦਾ ਹੈ l

I understand ਨੇ can also be used as an emphasizer. However, my reason for adding it was to make my sentence grammatically correct. According to the gramnar rules, the subject of the sentence must have a case marker when it is the agent of a transitive verb.

I am learning though and I may be wrong. Personally, I like the sentence, "ਉਹ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ l" (the one Bhagat Singh Ji suggested)

Maybe the case marker ਨੇ is not applicable here.

He teaches me. (Present simple tense)

ਉਸਨੇ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਦਾ ਹੈ ।

Is my grammar correct?

Thank you for the reply Dal Singh Ji,

There is a thread located at http://www.sikhawareness.com/index.php/topic/14814-learning-to-read-write-gurmukhipanjabi-tips-on-getting-started/

Is this the thread you want me to post in?

I need the meaning of this word and the base word. I think it means near or something similar.

Good answer Bhagat Singh Ji, so if I say it is near me using either ਕੋਲ/ਲਾਗੇ it would convey the same meaning? Is there some colliquial difference that maybe a dictionary won't tell me?

I need help with the ਅਧਕਿਰਣ ਕਾਰਕ (locative case). Here are the 4 forms. I get multiple meanings for each form so it is difficult, as I would like a more definitive meaning. Example, ਮੇਰੇ ਉਤੇ is "on" and "over" so how is someone supposed to know exactly what it implies. There is a big difference between "I left the wire cutters on the fence" and "I left the wire cutters over the fence." Also, I need a better definition for ਮੇਰੇ ਕੋਲ and ਮੇਰੇ ਲਾਗੇ as they can both mean near. I honestly need clarification on all 4 forms.

1. ਮੇਰੇ ਉਤੇ = on

2. ਮੇਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ = in

3. ਮੇਰੇ ਕੋਲ = near

4. ਮੇਰੇ ਲਾਗੇ = near

Good answer Bhagat Singh Ji.

Thanks Bhagat Singh Ji.

(ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਨੇ ਮੈਥੋਂ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਲਈ ।)

The teacher for book from me.

Having trouble figuring this one out. Need some help.

I am having trouble locating this word in the dictionary. Please reply with definition if you know it.

ਦੀ = postposition "of" when it proceeds a sg. fem. n.

ਸ਼ਾਨ = pride (sg. fem. n.)

ਮੇਰਿਆਂ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਾਸੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਨ

(My country men's pride)

Okay, after reviewing the grammar, it appears to be correct. I have provided an explanation for the inflectional forms. Please feel free to correct me if you think I have any of this wrong.

ਮੇਰਿਆਂ = special rule inflected form of masc. pl. ਮੇਰੇ when it is followed by a postposition. In this example ਮੇਰੇ is part of a "noun phrase" followed by a postposition. This is why ਮੇਰੇ is replaced with ਮੇਰਿਆਂ.

ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਾਸੀਆਂ = pl. form irr. masc n. (and adj.) "ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਾਸੀ" (country man > country men).

Okay, I just looked in a different Punjabi kosh and I found the word ਸ਼ਾਨ.

ਸ਼ਾਨ n. Glory, grandeur, splendour, majesty, magnificience, elegance, pomp, dignity.

Okay, I found it in a Farsi kosh. شأن

I am guessing the word ਸ਼ਾਨ was not in the Punjabi kosh because it is a Farsi word?

Is it normal for a Punjabi kosh to leave out loan words from Persian?

ਸ਼ਾਨ <= can someone provide an online link to a definition of this word. I was not able to locate this word in my Punjabi kosh.

Thanks Bhagat Singh Ji

ਮੇਰਿਆਂ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਾਸੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਨ

Please translate this sentence the best you can.

Dal Singh Ji, I agree that "Punjabi" may not be the best representation for the pronunciation of ਪੰਜਾਬੀ. The first syllable contains a nasalized mukta sound which is better represented by "an" than "un". The sound would be more accurately represented with a nasalized schwa "ən" or even better "ə̃".

Even, when I spell it in Shahmukhi

پنجابی

it has a nasalized zabar that produces a sound which I agree is better represented with "an" than with "un".